Surah Al-Bara;at Tafsir--By Supreme Leader Khamenei Shahid

Interpretation of Surah Al-Bara'at

کَیْفَ یَکُونُ لِلْمُشْرِکِینَ عَهْدٌ عِنْدَ اللّهِ وَ عِنْدَ رَسُولِهِ إِلاَّ الَّذِینَ عاهَدْتُمْ عِنْدَ الْمَسْجِدِ الْحَرامِ فَمَا اسْتَقامُوا لَکُمْ فَاسْتَقِیمُوا لَهُمْ إِنَّ اللّهَ یُحِبُّ الْمُتَّقِینَ«7»

کَیْفَ وَ إِنْ یَظْهَرُوا عَلَیْکُمْ لا یَرْقُبُوا فِیکُمْ إِلاًّ وَ لا ذِمَّهً یُرْضُونَکُمْ بِأَفْواهِهِمْ وَ تَأْبی قُلُوبُهُمْ وَ أَکْثَرُهُمْ فاسِقُونَ"8

اِشْتَرَوْا بِآیاتِ اللّهِ ثَمَناً قَلِیلاً فَصَدُّوا عَنْ سَبِیلِهِ إِنَّهُمْ ساءَ ما کانُوا یَعْمَلُونَ«9

Proportion of verses

After declaration of the Seal of the Prophets (peace be upon him and his family) and the announcement that after the end of this period, there would be no treaty with the polytheists, a way of escape was determined for them, which was to come and ask security the Prophet (peace be upon him and his family)

This part of the verses is the answer to the question of why the polytheists have been condemned to such a fate in the eyes of Islam? Islam, which is a religion of covenants and promises and commands to keep promises and says: [1]“O you who believe, fulfill your promises

 why has it decreed such a ruling for the polytheists?” The summary of the message of these verses is that there can be no conflict between the polytheists and The Messenger of God (peace and blessings of God be upon him and his family) should be a covenant and agreement; because they could not ultimately come to terms with each other and if a covenant and agreement were made it would be temporary and fleeting for the world. Furthermore, the nature of faith and polytheism are not compatible; therefore, the polytheists will not get along with you; just as the truth of faith is not compatible with polytheism and polytheism with faith; although the polytheists may make a covenant with you temporarily, they will attack you at the right time, so this confrontation is reciprocal and a rational act

Islam uses various tactics on its path; sometimes it encounters an obstacle and a barrier that forces it to deviate from the path and then return to the main path and continue its straight path. This deviation is not going astray, but moving towards the goal and the same straight path. The covenant with the polytheists was such as this deviation of the path in order to find the main path and reach it

How can the polytheists have a covenant with Allah and His Messenger, except those with whom you made a covenant at the Sacred Mosque, but they did not act uprightly for you, so act uprightly for them? Indeed, Allah loves the righteous. You must keep your covenant with them until the end of its term. If they believe, they are your brothers in religion. But if they do not believe - as will come later - the ruling "Fight the leaders of disbelief"[2] will apply to them

In these verses, the Quran beautifully uses the details of collective psychology to explain how to deal with polytheists and the issue of covenants and agreements with them

The basic axis of belief in God

Belief in God and monotheism revolves around the fact that everything in this world is from God and all the forces of this world are under His power and He has commanded that you worship and obey Him alone: ​​“Indeed, the ruling is only for Allah. He has commanded that you worship none but Him.”[3] All the prophets came to say, O people! Worshipping created beings and serving created things is wrong, and one should only obey and worship God

A group believed that all work was done by this idol, which they thought was partner of God. Others consider God as a painting on a door, Others did not attribute unity to God regarding commands and prohibitions. But rather considered Him as a partner and divided all work among them. Therefore, they also worshipped the idols of Hubal, Lat, and Uzza

Except those with whom you made a treaty in the Sacred Mosque. Some have considered the example of this sentence to be the "Treaty of Hudaybiyah", but it does not matter which group of polytheists it refers to. Islam says that we are with them for now, but after we have passed this stage, their ruling will be the same as the ruling of the previous group. And even if they appear to you, they will not wait for you except that they will please you with their mouths and their hearts will repent. And most of them transgressors: According to this verse, Muslims are with the infidels of the covenant and they will not have a new agreement."Emergence" means to prevail. "Al" has many meanings in the word, including "relative", "covenant" and ". "Dhemma" is anything that a person commits to and is referred to as "covenant”. Here, the word "fasiq" is used to mean someone who breaks a covenant. "Fasiq" literally means "to go out." This expression is used when a date has come out of its skin. "Fasiq" means someone who is to come out of faith and the meaning of the verse is to come out of commitments and covenants. They sold the signs of God for a small price, intending to turn away from His path. Indeed, evil was what they were doing. The signs of God are the proofs of monotheism. Everything in the world and in the existence of man indicates the oneness of God. The signs of God, that is, these very proofs, were lost by the polytheists for a small price. For example, the small price in the Battle of Uhud was that Abu Sufyan set a table of stew and invited the people and made them promise to come to the battle of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him and his family). In later periods, the same "buy the signs of Allah" also exists. In the same period, the People of the Book did so even though they knew the truth